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09-29-2016, 10:32 AM
(This post was last modified: 09-01-2022, 01:05 AM by Fearless Community.
Edit Reason: Fixed Encoding
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The First Schleswig War
![[Image: Tropper_1849.jpg]](https://wsrv.nl/?url=upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Tropper_1849.jpg&w=1920&h=1080&fit=inside&n=-1&we)
Spoiler: Background
Schleswig-Holstein had been part of Denmark for a long time. At the same time, Holstein had also been part of the Holy Roman Empire in name, although the Danish king almost always ruled over Schleswig-Holstein in some form of way, either in a personal union or with direct control. Holstein was mainly populated by Germans, and with the rise of nationalism in the 19th century, many Holstenians wanted to become part of a German country, like Prussia. In 1848, the Danish King ruled over Denmark as well as the Duchy of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg. In the same year, the Danish King Christian VIII died, leaving the country and the duches to his son and heir, Frederik VII. Except he wasn't legal in Schleswig-Holstein. Tensions started rising, as the Duchies should rightfully fall to the House of Oldenburg.
Spoiler: Start of the War
As Frederik VII succeeded to the throne, a letter was sent to him demanding him to recognize Schleswig-Holstein as part of the German Confederation. Frederik responded, accepting the demand of Holstein but saying that he did not have the power to actually do it. This immediatly led to a rebellion by the 5th Lauenburger Rifle Corps, led by Prince Frederick of Noer. He led them to take the fortress of Rendsburg. The fortress contained the 14th, 15th and 16th Infantry Battalions as well as the 2nd Regiment of Artillery and some military engineers.
When they arrived to the fortress, they realized the gate had been left open and hurried in, surprising the defenders and taking the fortress.
When they arrived to the fortress, they realized the gate had been left open and hurried in, surprising the defenders and taking the fortress.
Spoiler: The War
The Rebels aimed to defeat Denmark before Prussia and other German powers could intervene, General Krohn occupied Flensborg on the 31st of March. 7.000 Danish soldiers arrived east of the city. Krohn feared that the Danish would attempt to surround him, and he ordered a withdrawal. During the withdrawal, Danish forces reached them and fought in the Battle of Bov on the 9th of April, winning the battle. During April, the Germans and Prussians would win the rest of the battles but on the 5th of June the Danish forces defeated the Germans at the Battle of Dybbøl Hill.
Meanwhile, the Germans had only little support. Most European powers were in support of the Danish point of view and did not want the Danes to lose Schleswig-Holstein. Swedish-Norwegian volunteers also arrived to help the Danish during the fight.
The Prussians also started being threatened by the other great powers such as Great Britain and Russia. Friedrich William, King of Prussia, ordered the Prussians to withdraw from Schleswig-Holstein but General Friedrich von Wrangel refused as he claimed he was doing this on orders of the German Confederation.
Prussia was now confronted with a choice - support the Germans and anger the other European powers or withdraw. The King chose the latter and the peace of Malmö was signed on the 26th of August.
The war went on, but in January 1849 the London Conference started. Prussia, Great Britain and Russia all supported peace and it was close to being finished but negotiations broke down as Denmark refused.
However, a short truce was signed, although it ended only a month later.
The Danish forces would go on to win a lot of battles after this, halting a Prussian advance on Jutland on the 31st of May in a cavalry battle.
The War went on as usual with a few battles and the only naval battle, the Battle of Heligoland which ended inconclusively.
On the 2nd of July 1850 Prussia and Denmark made peace finally. The battles went on as usual again, winning almost all battles.
In 1851, the Danish government attempted to come to an understanding with the German duchies, although not much else happened.
In 1852, the London Protocol was signed, and later the second London Protocol was signed by the major powers of Europe including Denmark and Sweden.
Though the Danish were victorious in keeping the duchies, this would be shortlived as in 1864, the Second Schleswig War started, ending Danish soverignity over north Germany.
Meanwhile, the Germans had only little support. Most European powers were in support of the Danish point of view and did not want the Danes to lose Schleswig-Holstein. Swedish-Norwegian volunteers also arrived to help the Danish during the fight.
The Prussians also started being threatened by the other great powers such as Great Britain and Russia. Friedrich William, King of Prussia, ordered the Prussians to withdraw from Schleswig-Holstein but General Friedrich von Wrangel refused as he claimed he was doing this on orders of the German Confederation.
Prussia was now confronted with a choice - support the Germans and anger the other European powers or withdraw. The King chose the latter and the peace of Malmö was signed on the 26th of August.
The war went on, but in January 1849 the London Conference started. Prussia, Great Britain and Russia all supported peace and it was close to being finished but negotiations broke down as Denmark refused.
However, a short truce was signed, although it ended only a month later.
The Danish forces would go on to win a lot of battles after this, halting a Prussian advance on Jutland on the 31st of May in a cavalry battle.
The War went on as usual with a few battles and the only naval battle, the Battle of Heligoland which ended inconclusively.
On the 2nd of July 1850 Prussia and Denmark made peace finally. The battles went on as usual again, winning almost all battles.
In 1851, the Danish government attempted to come to an understanding with the German duchies, although not much else happened.
In 1852, the London Protocol was signed, and later the second London Protocol was signed by the major powers of Europe including Denmark and Sweden.
Though the Danish were victorious in keeping the duchies, this would be shortlived as in 1864, the Second Schleswig War started, ending Danish soverignity over north Germany.
Link to the Second Schleswig War